| 1. |
- Baev, A., et al.
(author)
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Bi-directional description of amplified spontaneous emission induced by three-photon absorption
- 2005
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In: Journal of the Optical Society of America. B, Optical physics. - 0740-3224 .- 1520-8540. ; 22:2, s. 385-393
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A semiclassical dynamic theory of the nonlinear propagation of a few interacting intense light pulses is applied to study the nonlinear counterpropagation of amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) induced by three-photon absorption of short intense laser pulses in a chromophore solution. Several important results from the modeling are reached for the ASE process developing in the regime of strong saturation. Accounting for ASE in both forward and backward directions with respect to the pump pulse results in a smaller efficiency of nonlinear conversion for the forward ASE compared with the case in which forward emission is considered alone, something that results from the partial repump of the absorbed energy to the backward ASE component; the overall efficiency is nevertheless higher than for the forward emission considered alone. The efficiency of nonlinear conversion of the pump energy to the counterpropagating ASE pulses is strongly dependent on the concentration of active molecules so that a particular combination of concentration versus cell length optimizes the conversion coefficient. Under certain specified conditions, the ASE effect is found to be oscillatory; the origin of oscillations is dynamical competition between stimulated emission and off-resonant absorption. This result can be considered one of the possible explanations of the temporal fluctuations of the forward ASE pulse [Nature 415, 767 (2002)].
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| 2. |
- da Cruz, Vinicius Vaz, et al.
(author)
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Nuclear dynamics in resonant inelastic X-ray scattering and X-ray absorption of methanol
- 2019
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In: Journal of Chemical Physics. - : American Institute of Physics (AIP). - 0021-9606 .- 1089-7690. ; 150:23
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We report on a combined theoretical and experimental study of core-excitation spectra of gas and liquid phase methanol as obtained with the use of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS). The electronic transitions are studied with computational methods that include strict and extended second-order algebraic diagrammatic construction [ADC(2) and ADC(2)-x], restricted active space second-order perturbation theory, and time-dependent density functional theory-providing a complete assignment of the near oxygen K-edge XAS. We show that multimode nuclear dynamics is of crucial importance for explaining the available experimental XAS and RIXS spectra. The multimode nuclear motion was considered in a recently developed "mixed representation" where dissociative states and highly excited vibrational modes are accurately treated with a time-dependent wave packet technique, while the remaining active vibrational modes are described using Franck-Condon amplitudes. Particular attention is paid to the polarization dependence of RIXS and the effects of the isotopic substitution on the RIXS profile in the case of dissociative core-excited states. Our approach predicts the splitting of the 2a RIXS peak to be due to an interplay between molecular and pseudo-atomic features arising in the course of transitions between dissociative core- and valence-excited states. The dynamical nature of the splitting of the 2a peak in RIXS of liquid methanol near pre-edge core excitation is shown. The theoretical results are in good agreement with our liquid phase measurements and gas phase experimental data available from the literature. (C) 2019 Author(s).
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| 3. |
- Fedorov, Aleksandr S., et al.
(author)
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Charge-transfer plasmons of complex nanoparticle arrays connected by conductive molecular bridges
- 2022
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In: Physical Chemistry, Chemical Physics - PCCP. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1463-9076 .- 1463-9084. ; 24:32, s. 19531-19540
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Charge-transfer plasmons (CTP) in complexes of metal nanoparticles bridged by conductive molecular linkers are theoretically analysed using a statistic approach. The applied model takes into account the kinetic energy of carriers inside the linkers including its dissipation and the Coulomb energy of the charged nanoparticles. The plasmons are statistically investigated for systems containing a large number of complexes of bridged nanoparticles of realistic sizes generated using a simplified molecular dynamics algorithm, where the geometries of the complexes are dependent on the rate of connection of the linkers with the nanoparticles. As illustrated, the distribution of CTP frequencies in the generated nanoparticle complexes is very inhomogeneous. It has a narrow peak, corresponding to CTP plasmons in dimers, and two broad peaks, corresponding mainly to low and high-frequency oscillations in chains of connected nanoparticles. It is found that in general the plasmon frequencies depend inversely on the value of the complex dipole moment of the plasmon oscillation, where the assumption follows that low-frequency plasmons will be more efficiently excited in an external electromagnetic field. To calculate the CTP energy absorption in this field two model modifications are proposed: a system-external electromagnetic field interaction model and a simplified broadening plasmon peak model where the plasmons are calculated at first without damping and where the delta-shaped oscillation peaks are broadened then due to the damping. It is demonstrated that both modifications lead to a wide and almost monotonic absorption in the IR region for all generated systems containing a large number of bridged nanoparticles due to the presence of a large number of CTPs in this region.
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| 4. |
- Gavrilyuk, Sergey, et al.
(author)
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Many-photon dynamics of photobleaching
- 2007
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In: Journal of Physical Chemistry A. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 1089-5639 .- 1520-5215. ; 111, s. 11961-11975
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A detailed dynamical theory of photobleaching by periodical sequences of laser pulses is presented. The theory is used for interpretation of recent experiments with pyrylium salts. Our simulations are based on first-principles simulations of photoabsorption cross-sections and on empirical rate constants. Two competitive channels of photobleaching, namely, photobleaching from the lowest excited singlet and triplet states and from higher excited states, are found to explain different intensity dependences of the photobleaching rates in different samples. The process includes two-photon excitation from the ground state to the first or second excited singlet states and one-photon excitation from the first singlet or triplet states to higher excited states. The fluorescence follows double-exponential dynamics with two characteristic times. The first and the shorter one is the equilibrium settling time between the ground and the lowest triplet states. The second characteristic time, the time of photobleaching, is responsible for the long-term dynamics. The effective rate of photobleaching from the first excited singlet and lowest triplet states depends differently on the irradiance in comparison with the photobleaching in higher states. The first channel is characterized by a quadratic intensity dependence in contrast to the second channel that shows a cubic dependence. The competition between these photobleaching channels is very sensitive to the rate constants as well as to the repetition rate, the pulse duration, and the peak intensity. The double-exponential decay of the fluorescence is explained by the spatial inhomogeneity C of the light beam. The findings in this work are discussed in terms of the possibility of using many-photon-induced photobleaching for new three-dimensional read-write devices.
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| 5. |
- Hennies, F., et al.
(author)
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Dynamic interpretation of resonant x-ray Raman scattering : ethylene and benzene
- 2007
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In: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 76:3, s. 032505-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a dynamic interpretation of resonant x-ray Raman scattering where vibrationally selective excitation into molecular resonances has been employed in comparison with excitation into higher lying continuum states for condensed ethylene and benzene as molecular model systems. In order to describe the purely vibrational spectral loss features and coupled electronic and vibrational losses the one-step theory for resonant soft x-ray scattering is applied, taking multiple vibrational modes and vibronic coupling into account. The scattering profile is found to be strongly excitation energy dependent and to reflect the intermediate states dynamics of the scattering process. In particular, the purely vibrational loss features allow one to map the electronic ground state potential energy surface in light of the excited state dynamics. Our study of ethylene and benzene underlines the necessity of an explicit description of the coupled electronic and vibrational loss features for the assignment of spectral features observed in resonant x-ray Raman scattering at polyatomic systems, which can be done in both a time independent and a time dependent picture. The possibility to probe ground state vibrational properties opens a perspective to future applications of this photon-in-photon-out spectroscopy.
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| 6. |
- Hennies, F., et al.
(author)
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Non-Adiabatic effects in Resonant Inelastic x-ray Scattering
- 2005
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In: Physical Review Letters. - 0031-9007 .- 1079-7114. ; 95:16, s. 163002-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We have studied the spectral features of resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of condensed ethylene with vibrational selectivity both experimentally and theoretically. Purely vibrational spectral loss features and coupled electronic and vibrational losses are observed. The one-step theory for resonant soft x-ray scattering is applied, taking multiple vibrational modes and vibronic coupling into account. Our investigation of ethylene underlines that the assignment of spectral features observed in resonant inelastic x-ray scattering of polyatomic systems requires an explicit description of the coupled electronic and vibrational loss features.
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| 7. |
- Ignatova, Nina, 1989-, et al.
(author)
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Gradual collapse of nuclear wave functions regulated by frequency tuned X-ray scattering
- 2017
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In: Scientific Reports. - London : Nature Publishing Group. - 2045-2322. ; 7:43891
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As is well established, the symmetry breaking by isotope substitution in the water molecule results in localisation of the vibrations along one of the two bonds in the ground state. In this study we find that this localisation may be broken in excited electronic states. Contrary to the ground state, the stretching vibrations of HDO are delocalised in the bound core-excited state in spite of the mass difference between hydrogen and deuterium. The reason for this effect can be traced to the narrow “canyon-like” shape of the potential of the state along the symmetric stretching mode, which dominates over the localisation mass-difference effect. In contrast, the localisation of nuclear motion to one of the HDO bonds is preserved in the dissociative core-excited state . The dynamics of the delocalisation of nuclear motion in these core-excited states is studied using resonant inelastic X-ray scattering of the vibrationally excited HDO molecule. The results shed light on the process of a wave function collapse. After core-excitation into the state of HDO the initial wave packet collapses gradually, rather than instantaneously, to a single vibrational eigenstate.
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| 8. |
- Ignatova, Nina, 1989-, et al.
(author)
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Infrared-pump–x-ray-probe spectroscopy of vibrationally excited molecules
- 2017
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In: Physical Review A. - 2469-9926 .- 2469-9934. ; 95:4
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We develop a theory of infrared (IR)-pump–x-ray-probe spectroscopy for molecular studies. We illustrate advantages of the proposed scheme by means of numerical simulations employing a vibrational wave packet technique applied to x-ray absorption and resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of the water molecule vibrationally excited by a preceding IR field. The promotion of the vibrationally excited molecule to the dissociative 1a−114a1 and bound 1a−112b2 core-excited states with qualitatively different shapes of the potential energy surfaces creates nuclear wave packets localized along and between the OH bonds, respectively. The projection of these wave packets on the final vibrational states, governed by selection and propensity rules, results in spatial selectivity of RIXS sensitive to the initial vibrationally excited state, which makes it possible to probe selectively the ground state properties along different modes. In addition, we propose to use RIXS as a tool to study x-ray absorption from a selected vibrational level of the ground state when the spectral resolution is sufficiently high to resolve vibrational overtones. The proposed technique has potential applications for advanced mapping of multidimensional potential energy surfaces of ground and core-excited molecular states, for symmetry-resolved spectroscopy, and for steering chemical reactions.
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| 9. |
- Ignatova, Nina, 1989-
(author)
-
Multimode resonant X-ray scattering of free molecules
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis is focused on the role that nuclear dynamics plays in the formation of X-ray absorption (XAS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) spectra of multimode free molecules. A combined approach based on ab initio electronic structure methods and quantum nuclear wave packet dynamics is applied to two systems -- water and methanol in the gas phase. An IR-pump – X-ray-probe spectroscopy of vibrationally excited water and its isotope substitutions is employed to explore different vibrational progressions of the final electronic state due to a spatial filtration of the vibrations in the core-excited state and selection rules. It was demonstrated the possibility to use RIXS as a tool to study X-ray absorption from a selected vibrational level of the ground state. IR-pump – X-ray-probe spectroscopy applied to the HDO molecule sheds light on the old classical problem of wave function collapse: we demonstrate numerically the gradual collapse of the initially localised vibrational wave function in the HDO molecule. It is also explained the dynamical nature of the splitting of the 1b1 peak in the RIXS spectrum of H2O, HDO and D2O molecules. This splitting is referred to close-lying molecular and atomic-like peaks. In order to study the methanol molecule a special theoretical tool for studies of multimode molecules has been developed. This approach combines the advantages of the quantum wave packet technique for simulations of the dynamics in dissociative states with the efficiency of the Franck-Condon method for computing transitions between bound states. It is shown that the multimode nuclear dynamics plays an important role in XAS and RIXS spectra of methanol. The XAS and RIXS spectra formation was explained taking into account different dynamics in different core-excited potential energy surfaces, as well as the entanglement of vibrational modes by anharmonicity and by the life-time vibrational interference.
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| 10. |
- Kimberg, Victor, et al.
(author)
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Dynamics of cavityless lasing generated by ultrafast multiphoton excitation
- 2006
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In: Physical Review A. Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics. - 1050-2947 .- 1094-1622. ; 74:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A dynamical theory is developed with the purpose of explaining recent experimental results on multiphoton-excited amplified stimulated emission (ASE). Several conspicuous features of this experiment are analyzed, like the threshold dependence of the spectral profile on the pump intensity, and spectral shifts of the ASE pulses co- and counterpropagating relative to the pump pulse. Two models are proposed and evaluated, one based on the isolated molecule and another which involves solvent interaction. The spectral shift between the forward and backward ASE pulses arises in the first model through the competition between the ASE transitions from the pumped vibrational levels and from the bottom of the excited-state well, while in the solvent-related model the dynamical solute-solvent interaction leads to a relaxed excited state, producing an additional ASE channel. In the latter model the additional redshifted ASE channel makes the dynamics of ASE essentially different from that in the molecular model because the formation of the relaxed state takes a longer time. The variation of the pump intensity influences strongly the relative intensities of the different ASE channels and, hence, the spectral shape of ASE in both models. The regime of ASE changes character when the pump intensity crosses a threshold value. Such a phase transition occurs when the ASE rate approaches the rate of vibrational relaxation or the rate of solute-solvent relaxation in the first excited state.
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